Why are we a constitutional monarchy and could this change?

Good question, Finn! Before Australia became a nation in 1901, it was a collection of British colonies. Each had its own written constitution, parliament and laws. When these colonies joined together to form Australia, a constitutional monarchy system of government was chosen for the new country. This system of government was similar to those used in the colonies and based on the British system. 

Australia, like Britain, is a constitutional monarchy. The King is Australia's head of state and acts in accordance with the Australian Constitution. (Although in Australia the powers of the King have been delegated – given – to his representative, the Governor-General.)

Australia could change from being a constitutional monarchy by changing the Constitution. This would require a referendum – a national vote. The majority of people in a majority of states, and a majority of people across Australia as a whole would have to agree to a proposed change by voting ‘yes.’

Australian voters were asked if Australia should become a republic during a referendum in 1999. Of the 11.8 million people who voted, 55% voted ‘no’, and 45% voted ‘yes’.